Preheat the oven to 400°F (200°C). Lightly grease a 9x13-inch baking dish.
Cut the chicken and potatoes into small, evenly sized pieces.
Add the chicken and potatoes to a large bowl. Toss with olive oil, garlic powder, paprika, onion powder, salt, and black pepper.
Spread the seasoned chicken and potatoes evenly in the prepared baking dish.
Bake for 25 minutes.
Meanwhile, prepare the creamy sauce. Add chicken broth, heavy cream, cream cheese, and minced garlic to a saucepan over medium heat.
Whisk until the cream cheese melts and the sauce becomes smooth.
Stir in ½ cup cheddar and the Parmesan cheese until melted.
Remove the casserole from the oven and add the broccoli florets.
Pour the creamy sauce evenly over the chicken, potatoes, and broccoli. Gently stir to distribute the ingredients.
Sprinkle the remaining cheddar cheese and mozzarella over the top.
Return to the oven and bake for another 15–20 minutes, until the potatoes are tender, chicken is fully cooked, and the cheese is melted and golden.
Let the casserole rest for 5–10 minutes.
Garnish with fresh parsley and serve warm.